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So we're going to go over anatomical
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positions, anatomical directions,
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anatomical planes. We're going to go over a whole lot of vocab in the beginning.
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What you first need to realize is that functional anatomy more than anything is
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just a language and like learning any language, at first, it's not going to make
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any sense. And then as you get more words together, you start seeing how everything
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fits and you start realizing that there's a logic behind anatomy. Hopefully
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by the end of the day you are going to start to put some big groups of
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pieces together and you'll be like, "Oh yeah," this isn't just a bunch of random
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words in Latin. Let's start with anatomical position. Everybody stand
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up. Everybody stand in the anatomical position. Oh yeah, so that's eyes facing
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forward, I don't know why they have to specify eyes but they do. Palms forward,
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feet forward. Is this ideal posture? No, obviously we do not walk around with
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our palms forward. It would be a little weird and I hope you use your eyes to track more
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than the things directly in front of you. But what is anatomical position good for?
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It's a reference point. So when we start talking about muscles, at least initially,
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you got to learn joint actions, you have heard the term
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joint actions before? So when we talk about joint actions, what joint
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action a muscle will cause, we're generally talking about from this position,
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initially. Does that make sense? When we talk about something called anatomical
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directions, we're generally referring to where something is based on your body
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being in anatomical position. Does that make sense? Everybody one more time, show
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me anatomical position. Engrain it in your mind, etch it, laser it, build an
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app for it, something. Next, you can go ahead and sit.
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Anatomical directions, how many of you have heard of anatomical directions
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before? How many you have heard of directions before? How many of you guys
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have given directions before? How many of you just gave up and went GPS? No?
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All right so directions, we need directions in the human body just like
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we need directions to get someplace. We just use a little different words.
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Let's start with the first two. Each one of these is in pairs. We got superior
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and inferior. Well if I tell you that your boss is superior to you, what does
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that mean? Above and in the human body, superior means the same thing. Superior
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means above. If you hire on an intern and you're the boss your intern is what?
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Inferior to you, which means below. Probably not a good thing to tell your
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intern, that's not going to help their confidence any. But you get
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superior versus inferior? Superior might be in this direction,
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inferior is going to be in this direction, generally if we're talking
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from the anatomical position. We're going to play a little game here in a second.
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Medial versus lateral. What does medial sound like? Middle, so where would the
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middle of your body be? Yeah, directly down the center line. What about
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lateral, what do you do that has the word lateral in it? Raise your
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arm. How many you guys who do lateral raises? Nobody's done a lateral raise? I
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don't have that many gym rats in here yet? Some lateral raises for your
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shoulders. Lateral raises are in which direction? Towards the outside, so
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lateral is the opposite of medial and is toward the outside. Anterior
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and posterior. Anybody ever been told to sit on their posterior? Has anybody ever
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been told that? Good. I'm glad I wasn't the only one growing up, "Sit on your
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posterior." Where's your posterior? Your backside.
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So what do you think anterior means? Front. Anterior and posterior delt.
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Where's your anterior delt? Everybody touch your anterior delt. Palpate.
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Everybody knows what the definition of palpate is? To touch in a professional
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manner. Posterior delt is where? Everybody palpate their posterior delt.
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Good good good good good. These are probably the tricky ones: proximal and
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distal. How many of you have heard these terms before? Proximal.
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What does that word sound like? Proximity. Proximity means what? Close. Now the
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question is close to what? What are we talking about being close to? Well, in the
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human body, it's the trunk. You can think of putting a little bull's eye right
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here, right over your bellybutton. All right so it's in proximity to this. Now
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distal sounds like what word? Distance, so now we got to think what's the furthest
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distance from this proximal point? What would be the first farthest things from
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this? Fingers and toes. You almost have to think of proximal and distal
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as if your body was like this. That make sense? Then we have supine and prone.
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You know these? Supine, face or palm up when lying on back. The way
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I was taught how to remember this is if you hold a bowl of
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soup right you are supine and then if you pro it out... oh it's only going to get
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cheesier. I know that was bad right. Wasn't it? All right so everybody supine,
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pro. Good all right so everybody's got their anatomical directions. Think
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you got this? All right stand up, because now we get to play a really fun
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game. It's called "Brent Says." It's why I think it's a fun game. Why
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are we going to play "Brent Says?" Because actually it's really annoying to say
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"Simon Says" after every direction that I give you. So here's what I want you
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to do. Touch the posterior aspect of your head. Good. Touch the anterior aspect of
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your head. Good so now we're on your face. Let's let's do the
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lateral aspect of your face. Good. Didn't get anybody yet. Medial aspect of your
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face, your nose would be medial. Could you have touched here too? Yeah that's still
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mid-line. What about here? All right so we all got we got medial down. Good let's do
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the superior portion of your face.
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Proximal portion of your face. Oh got you got you, where's proximal portion of your
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face? What's proximal mean? Closer to the torso right? So this would be the
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proximal portion of your face. What would be the inferior portion of your face?
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Same spot. Same spot. What would be the distal portion of your face?
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Let's mix this up a little bit, let's mix this up. What do I got for you?
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Let's do...medial trunk. Good.
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Superior shoulder. Posterior thigh. Anybody else feel like they're playing
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anatomy twister. I just kind of realized that. We need a
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little spin thing. All right let's do lateral trunk. Let's do proximal arm.
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Yeah so it'd be your proximal arm, your shoulder. Let's do distal arm. Anterior thigh.
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Let's do inferior shoulder. Got a couple of you. I started mixing up the
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pairs and I got a couple of you already. How you doing though, you still
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getting it? Should we really take it up a notch? How many of you guys are ready for
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groupings? You ready for groupings? Touch your, you can think about
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this one for a second, remember this ain't Jeopardy. No points for answering first.
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Where's your anterolateral, anterior and lateral, trunk? Yeah so I'd be referring
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to anything here. Anterolateral. All right let's do posteromedial head.
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Everybody feel that bump on the back of their head? You ready for a fancy
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word? It's called your external occipital protuberance. Right there, got that?
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Anybody know what muscle inserts into that? None nobody? Your traps, they come to your
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external occipital protuberance, that's just a little prelude to what's to come.
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Let's do, oh I like this one let's do the dorsal, did I explain dorsal?
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I didn't explain dorsal, how did I not explained dorsal? So I told you you
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got anterior and posterior. Occasionally, you are going to hear
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reference to other anatomical directions, like ventral or dorsal. Ventral generally
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means forward, dorsal what does that word sound like? You know a word that has
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dorsal in it. Dorsal fin. Like on a shark, like jaws right like the dorsal
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fin - tun tun tun tun tun. You got the dorsal fin, where is that located on
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an animal? Back or top surface. Or you'll also hear dorsal
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referred to as like the top surface of something, like your foot.
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I gave away the next one but I'm going to still make
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you do it anyway. I want you to touch the dorsal aspect of your distal,
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everybody still with me, lower extremity.
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You can immediately tell who has flexible hamstrings in this room because
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about two-thirds of you went like this and then by a third of you went, "Screw
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that!" All right let's do the posterior and proximal aspects, posterior proximal
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aspect of your lower extremity. That's right, I got you all palpating your
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glutes, what? We'll find out later why the glutes are my favorite muscle.
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It's true, it's true. There's a big functional reason for that. All right you
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can sit. You think you got anatomical directions down a little bit?