Overhead Squat Assessment 2 - Signs of Dysfunction

0

An overhead squat assessment is designed to identify any physical signs of dysfunction in athletes and other individuals participating in physical activities. This assessment involves the use of an overhead squat assessment while performing a variety of movements in order to assess symmetry, motor control, joint mobility, muscle activation, and overall balance. During this assessment the individual is required to position themselves with a barbell overhead, and then perform a series of squats. During this assessment, the individual is observed for any signs of pain, instability,

0

Transcript

00:00:0000:00:03
This is Brent coming at you with our
00:00:0300:00:07
In this video, we're going to go over the signs, that we're likely to see during an
00:00:0700:00:10
overhead squad assessment. I have a feeling this is where a lot of people
00:00:1000:00:15
tend to get a little overwhelmed. They have a tendency to think that things are
00:00:1500:00:20
really complex but the truth of the matter is... is there's only, a fairly small
00:00:2000:00:24
set of dysfunctions that we are likely to see, in the overhead squad assessment.
00:00:2400:00:28
And once we systemized those, we break them down by joint action and we list
00:00:2800:00:31
them. I think you guys will find that the overhead squat assessment is actually
00:00:3100:00:37
fairly simple. At the feet, we only have two sides. We have feet flatten or feet
00:00:3700:00:43
turn out. At the lumbo-pelvic hip complex, we have an anterior pelvic tilt. Now, I
00:00:4300:00:46
know some of you guys have a little bit of a hard time seeing an anterior pelvic
00:00:4600:00:50
tilt. That's cool. What you're probably more likely to see is low back arch,
00:00:5000:00:55
which would be the same thing or that excessive lordosis. Excessive forward
00:00:5500:01:01
lean. An excessive forward lean, is that very, very far tilt and I'll show you
00:01:0100:01:05
guys how to look for that. We'll look at something called tibia torso angle.
00:01:0500:01:08
Asymmetric weight shift we'll look at from the back, I know some of you guys
00:01:0800:01:11
have already seen that winking or that sliding when you have somebody do a
00:01:1100:01:16
squat. At the knees, we're only likely to see them either bow in or bow out. That's
00:01:1600:01:21
the only things we're looking for. And then at the shoulders, do the arms fall
00:01:2100:01:26
or does the shoulder girdle elevate? Guys, these are all of the signs that
00:01:2600:01:30
we are likely to see for the overhead squat assessment. I will talk about some
00:01:3000:01:34
that are a little less common that you might see occasionally in future videos.
00:01:3400:01:39
This is the first layer of the onion, once we get this down you guys will
00:01:3900:01:43
actually be able to start creating some very powerful corrective exercise
00:01:4300:01:46
programs. I'm going to have my friend Leanne come out, she's going to help me
00:01:4600:01:49
demonstrate each one of these signs so you guys know exactly what you're
00:01:4900:01:52
looking for.
00:01:5300:01:58
So first things first let's look at feet flat. Now
00:01:5800:02:02
first role of the overhead squat assessment, I showed you guys how to set
00:02:0200:02:06
up the overhead squat assessment in the previous video. If you notice that
00:02:0600:02:11
somebody's feet are flat when they start you can go ahead and check that box. I'm
00:02:1100:02:15
not looking for necessarily more flattening when they're doing the
00:02:1500:02:19
overhead squat assessment, if they can't get into proper position to begin with,
00:02:1900:02:24
they have that sign. Now Leanne when it comes to feet flat actually does have
00:02:2400:02:29
flat feet to start with, that's a functional flat foot, but she's going to
00:02:2900:02:33
fake it for us, she's going to go ahead and throw her arms up, and what you guys
00:02:3300:02:40
would see is as she goes down into the squat, she would lose this space right
00:02:4000:02:45
here. So you, and come back up for me, alright make you a little arch, she
00:02:4500:02:49
should be able to keep her her metatarsal head here, her cuneiform, her
00:02:4900:02:53
navicular, these should not be on the floor. If they collapse and fall on the floor
00:02:5300:02:57
and you guys watch that space disappear at the medial arch, you're going to go
00:02:5700:03:02
ahead and check feet flattened. Now the next sign she's going to show us is feet
00:03:0200:03:07
turnout. Now if you guys remember from our previous video, second toe pointing
00:03:0700:03:12
forward all right, at hip width which is going to be just underneath our ASIS, is
00:03:1200:03:17
going to be parallel, all we want to see is does she go big toe forward or
00:03:1700:03:21
further because that would be a sign of feet turnout. Go ahead and squat down for
00:03:2100:03:26
me, let's see that, and Leanne turns into feet turn out very easily because this
00:03:2600:03:30
is part of her common compensation pattern. So go ahead and do that one more
00:03:3000:03:34
time and show them, and we got feet turnout.
00:03:3400:03:38
Alright if I was doing Leanne's assessment right now I just check feet
00:03:3800:03:43
turnout. So now let's look at the knees, her patella right, right here should
00:03:4300:03:48
track over her second and third toe assuming that her feet are parallel.
00:03:4800:03:54
So if she had knees bow in, so let's go ahead and demonstrate knees bow in, right
00:03:5400:04:00
you'd see this little collapse inward. You notice now her knees are not in line
00:04:0000:04:04
with this imaginary line between second and third toe and her ASIS.
00:04:0400:04:13
A little more rare is to see the knees bow out, all right there you go knees bow
00:04:1300:04:16
out, and usually what happens guys is you'll see actually the patella it'll
00:04:1600:04:21
track over about the pinky toe. I know that doesn't seem like much, but anything
00:04:2100:04:24
outside of optimal is potential dysfunction that we could work on and
00:04:2400:04:29
gain a little bit of performance from. Now after we get through those signs we
00:04:2900:04:32
need to go ahead and go to a lateral view to see the lumbo-pelvic hip complex.
00:04:3200:04:37
The first one I'm going to have our show is actually the excessive forward lean,
00:04:3700:04:42
which I know confuses some people. The excessive forward lean is based on the
00:04:4200:04:51
tibia and torso should create parallel lines at the bottom of her squat. So I'm
00:04:5100:04:54
going to have Leanne go ahead and do the overhead squat and pause at the bottom.
00:04:5400:05:01
Alright and what I'm going to do is using these bars if I line a bar up with
00:05:0100:05:08
her tibia there, so that's that's that line, and then you guys can see if I line
00:05:0800:05:14
this up, her tibia and torso angles actually cross which means they are not
00:05:1400:05:19
parallel by definition, she's bending forward too far so that would be our
00:05:1900:05:23
excessive forward lean.
00:05:2400:05:31
Go ahead and turn posterior From the posterior view we might see an
00:05:3100:05:35
asymmetrical weight shift. I know a lot of you guys this intimidates you, it's not
00:05:3500:05:40
an easy thing but we will go over corrections in a future video, but if you
00:05:4000:05:44
see go ahead and let's demonstrate that Leanne, what you guys will notice is her
00:05:4400:05:50
pelvis and her backside will actually shift away from the center of her base
00:05:5000:05:55
of support, being her feet here. Alright so let's show that one more time,
00:05:5500:06:02
and that would be asymmetrical weight shift -right. Now the last thing we're
00:06:0200:06:06
going to look at is the arms, you guys have probably seen a lot of the arms
00:06:0600:06:14
fall, her arms should maintain parallel to her ears, covering her ears
00:06:1400:06:20
essentially. If she can't now this is one of those signs where you will often see
00:06:2000:06:24
people not be able to get there; if I got hurt here and I went arms up and that's
00:06:2400:06:27
as high she can get, you guys can go ahead and check arms fall forward. I
00:06:2700:06:32
don't need them to fall more forward as she does the squat, this is arms fall
00:06:3200:06:37
forward. Now we're going to go ahead and have her start here and then demonstrate
00:06:3700:06:42
what arms fall forward during the squat would look like, so go ahead, and that
00:06:4200:06:46
would be a very common look to that. It doesn't have to be a lot, just in front
00:06:4600:06:51
of the ears. Let's try one more,
00:06:5300:06:57
good, and then turn around let me have you actually back to the camera, and
00:06:5700:07:01
we'll show shoulders elevate. Now when shoulders elevate what you guys are
00:07:0100:07:07
actually looking for is does this scapula area start to elevate towards
00:07:0700:07:11
the ears. Now once again you've got to make sure that they started out
00:07:1100:07:16
depressed, if they started out elevated you can go ahead and check it off, but
00:07:1600:07:19
make sure they started depressed during their squat, and then go ahead have them
00:07:1900:07:23
do the overhead squat, and see if those shoulders don't end up right up next to
00:07:2300:07:28
their ears like Leanne is demonstrating perfectly. Alright so those are the
00:07:2800:07:34
common signs you guys are likely to see. Now we broke it down per joint segment,
00:07:3400:07:39
the only thing that you're going to see a little different on your template is
00:07:3900:07:43
that it's broken down
00:07:4600:07:49
per view,
00:07:5100:07:56
and there's a reason for this; all right so any assessment that we do we want to
00:07:5600:08:02
increase reliability. We want to make sure that we are accurate as possible. So
00:08:0200:08:06
certain signs we're only going to see in certain views. We need to make sure that
00:08:0600:08:11
every time we do this overhead squat assessment that we are looking for those
00:08:1100:08:16
signs in order, in a particular way to ensure that every time we do this test
00:08:1600:08:21
it's the same. So from an anterior view I'm going to look for feet flattened,
00:08:2100:08:27
feet turnout, knees bow in, knees bow out, or arms fall. An anterior view is not a
00:08:2700:08:32
great place for example to see a asymmetrical weight shift, that's better
00:08:3200:08:37
seen in a posterior view. After I go through my anterior view, I'm going to go
00:08:3700:08:41
to a lateral view and I'm going to look for my excessive forward lean, my low
00:08:4100:08:45
back arch, my abdominal distension potentially, that's that ABS falling out
00:08:4500:08:50
that I talked about in the previous video, or once again arms fall. I'm not
00:08:5000:08:55
going to be looking at the feet in my lateral view, chances are that an angle
00:08:5500:08:58
from the side is going to kind of play tricks on me on what I'm actually seeing,
00:08:5800:09:02
and then I'm going to go to posterior view to see shoulder girdle and an
00:09:0200:09:09
asymmetric weight shift. So all you guys are doing is taking the signs that are
00:09:0900:09:14
common during an overhead squat, and then flipping them so that we can easily get
00:09:1400:09:18
through an assessment. Then after you're done with your assessment and you can
00:09:1800:09:23
sit down and think about it, you can bring these back to the joint that you
00:09:2300:09:28
actually think you're seeing dysfunction at; and in future videos I'm going to go
00:09:2800:09:32
ahead and show you guys how to break down each dysfunction one by one and
00:09:3200:09:36
create a corrective exercise strategy. Now a couple things that I get asked
00:09:3600:09:42
about a lot, these are signs that don't actually exist but you're going to see
00:09:4200:09:46
them. So let me explain occasionally, actually let me have Leanne
00:09:4600:09:48
come out here.
00:09:4900:09:55
You're going to see somebody not feet flattened, but you're going to think
00:09:5500:10:01
you're seeing foot inversion, or an increase in that medial arch. I can
00:10:0100:10:05
honestly tell you guys this almost never ever happens, if you see this during your
00:10:0500:10:10
overhead squat assessment you're probably not seeing inversion you're
00:10:1000:10:16
probably seeing a sticky shoe, or a sticky sock, or a sticky foot on a sticky
00:10:1600:10:21
floor; the person's feet are actually trying to turn out but from the friction
00:10:2100:10:25
of the bottom of their foot in the floor on these two surfaces, they're actually
00:10:2500:10:31
just starting to roll out because they can they can't slide. You guys notice I
00:10:3100:10:35
have her in socks on a wood floor, really really hard to hide foot foot turnout
00:10:3500:10:40
socks on a wood floor, I would suggest this if you can find it. Another sign
00:10:4000:10:44
that you guys will see, go ahead and turn sideways is occasional, I don't know if
00:10:4400:10:46
you're going to be able to demonstrate this because it's not your compensation,
00:10:4600:10:51
but occasionally you'll see people going to an overhead squat, they'll go really
00:10:5100:10:57
deep and they'll tilt under, sorry tilt under at the bottom, Leanne doesn't do it at
00:10:5700:11:00
all, but you guys will see this where they all of a sudden they get to the
00:11:0000:11:04
bottom they do this thing, that's not a postural dysfunction they've just
00:11:0400:11:09
reached the end of their hip flexion range of motion. If you were to try to
00:11:0900:11:12
correct that posterior pelvic tilt you're seeing at the bottom,
00:11:1200:11:16
you're not going to get anywhere. The other thing I get asked about a lot is
00:11:1600:11:21
hands, so when I throw my hands up do the hand face in or do they face
00:11:2100:11:27
forward, and my answer to you is more or less it doesn't matter. All right this is
00:11:2700:11:34
actually radial ulnar joint motion, pronation and supination, not shoulder
00:11:3400:11:39
motion. The other thing I get asked about a lot is why is the head in the
00:11:3900:11:43
assessment, there's a couple reasons, I know a lot of personal trainers out
00:11:4300:11:48
there are using this assessment, and we don't get enough education on how to
00:11:4800:11:51
correct dysfunction at the neck, so that's reason number one we don't want
00:11:5100:11:55
to start looking at dysfunctions that we're actually not capable of correcting.
00:11:5500:12:00
Number two, an overhead squat assessment is probably not the best assessment
00:12:0000:12:05
for determining how we're going to correct cervical dysfunction, and we'll
00:12:0500:12:09
get into that into later videos. So there you guys go, those are the signs that
00:12:0900:12:14
don't actually exist. There is a couple signs that we will see occasionally like
00:12:1400:12:18
an inadequate forward lean, or a posterior pelvic tilt which I'll explain
00:12:1800:12:25
in much much later videos. Guys the first layer of the onion, I like that analogy
00:12:2500:12:28
right, we got the first layer and then as we get deeper and deeper and deeper.
00:12:2800:12:32
We'll add more and more pieces, but this is the first layer, you guys got to get
00:12:3200:12:38
this down. It's only what ten signs here, roughly ten, twelve signs, once you guys
00:12:3800:12:43
have these memorized, you're good at identifying them, you'll be able to build
00:12:4300:12:46
upon this in a way that helps you create corrective exercise programs that are
00:12:4600:12:49
more effective than you can even imagine, which is going to increase performance
00:12:4900:12:54
and decrease your risk of injury. I hope you guys enjoyed this video, I look