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This is Brent coming at you with our
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In this video, we're going to go over the signs, that we're likely to see during an
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overhead squad assessment. I have a feeling this is where a lot of people
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tend to get a little overwhelmed. They have a tendency to think that things are
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really complex but the truth of the matter is... is there's only, a fairly small
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set of dysfunctions that we are likely to see, in the overhead squad assessment.
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And once we systemized those, we break them down by joint action and we list
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them. I think you guys will find that the overhead squat assessment is actually
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fairly simple. At the feet, we only have two sides. We have feet flatten or feet
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turn out. At the lumbo-pelvic hip complex, we have an anterior pelvic tilt. Now, I
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know some of you guys have a little bit of a hard time seeing an anterior pelvic
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tilt. That's cool. What you're probably more likely to see is low back arch,
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which would be the same thing or that excessive lordosis. Excessive forward
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lean. An excessive forward lean, is that very, very far tilt and I'll show you
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guys how to look for that. We'll look at something called tibia torso angle.
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Asymmetric weight shift we'll look at from the back, I know some of you guys
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have already seen that winking or that sliding when you have somebody do a
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squat. At the knees, we're only likely to see them either bow in or bow out. That's
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the only things we're looking for. And then at the shoulders, do the arms fall
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or does the shoulder girdle elevate? Guys, these are all of the signs that
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we are likely to see for the overhead squat assessment. I will talk about some
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that are a little less common that you might see occasionally in future videos.
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This is the first layer of the onion, once we get this down you guys will
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actually be able to start creating some very powerful corrective exercise
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programs. I'm going to have my friend Leanne come out, she's going to help me
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demonstrate each one of these signs so you guys know exactly what you're
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looking for.
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So first things first let's look at feet flat. Now
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first role of the overhead squat assessment, I showed you guys how to set
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up the overhead squat assessment in the previous video. If you notice that
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somebody's feet are flat when they start you can go ahead and check that box. I'm
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not looking for necessarily more flattening when they're doing the
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overhead squat assessment, if they can't get into proper position to begin with,
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they have that sign. Now Leanne when it comes to feet flat actually does have
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flat feet to start with, that's a functional flat foot, but she's going to
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fake it for us, she's going to go ahead and throw her arms up, and what you guys
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would see is as she goes down into the squat, she would lose this space right
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here. So you, and come back up for me, alright make you a little arch, she
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should be able to keep her her metatarsal head here, her cuneiform, her
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navicular, these should not be on the floor. If they collapse and fall on the floor
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and you guys watch that space disappear at the medial arch, you're going to go
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ahead and check feet flattened. Now the next sign she's going to show us is feet
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turnout. Now if you guys remember from our previous video, second toe pointing
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forward all right, at hip width which is going to be just underneath our ASIS, is
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going to be parallel, all we want to see is does she go big toe forward or
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further because that would be a sign of feet turnout. Go ahead and squat down for
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me, let's see that, and Leanne turns into feet turn out very easily because this
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is part of her common compensation pattern. So go ahead and do that one more
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time and show them, and we got feet turnout.
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Alright if I was doing Leanne's assessment right now I just check feet
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turnout. So now let's look at the knees, her patella right, right here should
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track over her second and third toe assuming that her feet are parallel.
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So if she had knees bow in, so let's go ahead and demonstrate knees bow in, right
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you'd see this little collapse inward. You notice now her knees are not in line
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with this imaginary line between second and third toe and her ASIS.
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A little more rare is to see the knees bow out, all right there you go knees bow
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out, and usually what happens guys is you'll see actually the patella it'll
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track over about the pinky toe. I know that doesn't seem like much, but anything
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outside of optimal is potential dysfunction that we could work on and
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gain a little bit of performance from. Now after we get through those signs we
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need to go ahead and go to a lateral view to see the lumbo-pelvic hip complex.
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The first one I'm going to have our show is actually the excessive forward lean,
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which I know confuses some people. The excessive forward lean is based on the
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tibia and torso should create parallel lines at the bottom of her squat. So I'm
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going to have Leanne go ahead and do the overhead squat and pause at the bottom.
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Alright and what I'm going to do is using these bars if I line a bar up with
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her tibia there, so that's that's that line, and then you guys can see if I line
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this up, her tibia and torso angles actually cross which means they are not
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parallel by definition, she's bending forward too far so that would be our
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excessive forward lean.
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Go ahead and turn posterior From the posterior view we might see an
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asymmetrical weight shift. I know a lot of you guys this intimidates you, it's not
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an easy thing but we will go over corrections in a future video, but if you
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see go ahead and let's demonstrate that Leanne, what you guys will notice is her
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pelvis and her backside will actually shift away from the center of her base
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of support, being her feet here. Alright so let's show that one more time,
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and that would be asymmetrical weight shift -right. Now the last thing we're
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going to look at is the arms, you guys have probably seen a lot of the arms
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fall, her arms should maintain parallel to her ears, covering her ears
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essentially. If she can't now this is one of those signs where you will often see
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people not be able to get there; if I got hurt here and I went arms up and that's
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as high she can get, you guys can go ahead and check arms fall forward. I
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don't need them to fall more forward as she does the squat, this is arms fall
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forward. Now we're going to go ahead and have her start here and then demonstrate
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what arms fall forward during the squat would look like, so go ahead, and that
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would be a very common look to that. It doesn't have to be a lot, just in front
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of the ears. Let's try one more,
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good, and then turn around let me have you actually back to the camera, and
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we'll show shoulders elevate. Now when shoulders elevate what you guys are
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actually looking for is does this scapula area start to elevate towards
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the ears. Now once again you've got to make sure that they started out
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depressed, if they started out elevated you can go ahead and check it off, but
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make sure they started depressed during their squat, and then go ahead have them
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do the overhead squat, and see if those shoulders don't end up right up next to
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their ears like Leanne is demonstrating perfectly. Alright so those are the
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common signs you guys are likely to see. Now we broke it down per joint segment,
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the only thing that you're going to see a little different on your template is
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that it's broken down
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per view,
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and there's a reason for this; all right so any assessment that we do we want to
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increase reliability. We want to make sure that we are accurate as possible. So
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certain signs we're only going to see in certain views. We need to make sure that
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every time we do this overhead squat assessment that we are looking for those
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signs in order, in a particular way to ensure that every time we do this test
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it's the same. So from an anterior view I'm going to look for feet flattened,
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feet turnout, knees bow in, knees bow out, or arms fall. An anterior view is not a
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great place for example to see a asymmetrical weight shift, that's better
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seen in a posterior view. After I go through my anterior view, I'm going to go
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to a lateral view and I'm going to look for my excessive forward lean, my low
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back arch, my abdominal distension potentially, that's that ABS falling out
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that I talked about in the previous video, or once again arms fall. I'm not
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going to be looking at the feet in my lateral view, chances are that an angle
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from the side is going to kind of play tricks on me on what I'm actually seeing,
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and then I'm going to go to posterior view to see shoulder girdle and an
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asymmetric weight shift. So all you guys are doing is taking the signs that are
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common during an overhead squat, and then flipping them so that we can easily get
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through an assessment. Then after you're done with your assessment and you can
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sit down and think about it, you can bring these back to the joint that you
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actually think you're seeing dysfunction at; and in future videos I'm going to go
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ahead and show you guys how to break down each dysfunction one by one and
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create a corrective exercise strategy. Now a couple things that I get asked
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about a lot, these are signs that don't actually exist but you're going to see
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them. So let me explain occasionally, actually let me have Leanne
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come out here.
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You're going to see somebody not feet flattened, but you're going to think
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you're seeing foot inversion, or an increase in that medial arch. I can
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honestly tell you guys this almost never ever happens, if you see this during your
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overhead squat assessment you're probably not seeing inversion you're
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probably seeing a sticky shoe, or a sticky sock, or a sticky foot on a sticky
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floor; the person's feet are actually trying to turn out but from the friction
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of the bottom of their foot in the floor on these two surfaces, they're actually
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just starting to roll out because they can they can't slide. You guys notice I
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have her in socks on a wood floor, really really hard to hide foot foot turnout
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socks on a wood floor, I would suggest this if you can find it. Another sign
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that you guys will see, go ahead and turn sideways is occasional, I don't know if
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you're going to be able to demonstrate this because it's not your compensation,
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but occasionally you'll see people going to an overhead squat, they'll go really
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deep and they'll tilt under, sorry tilt under at the bottom, Leanne doesn't do it at
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all, but you guys will see this where they all of a sudden they get to the
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bottom they do this thing, that's not a postural dysfunction they've just
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reached the end of their hip flexion range of motion. If you were to try to
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correct that posterior pelvic tilt you're seeing at the bottom,
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you're not going to get anywhere. The other thing I get asked about a lot is
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hands, so when I throw my hands up do the hand face in or do they face
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forward, and my answer to you is more or less it doesn't matter. All right this is
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actually radial ulnar joint motion, pronation and supination, not shoulder
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motion. The other thing I get asked about a lot is why is the head in the
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assessment, there's a couple reasons, I know a lot of personal trainers out
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there are using this assessment, and we don't get enough education on how to
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correct dysfunction at the neck, so that's reason number one we don't want
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to start looking at dysfunctions that we're actually not capable of correcting.
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Number two, an overhead squat assessment is probably not the best assessment
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for determining how we're going to correct cervical dysfunction, and we'll
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get into that into later videos. So there you guys go, those are the signs that
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don't actually exist. There is a couple signs that we will see occasionally like
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an inadequate forward lean, or a posterior pelvic tilt which I'll explain
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in much much later videos. Guys the first layer of the onion, I like that analogy
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right, we got the first layer and then as we get deeper and deeper and deeper.
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We'll add more and more pieces, but this is the first layer, you guys got to get
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this down. It's only what ten signs here, roughly ten, twelve signs, once you guys
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have these memorized, you're good at identifying them, you'll be able to build
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upon this in a way that helps you create corrective exercise programs that are
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more effective than you can even imagine, which is going to increase performance
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and decrease your risk of injury. I hope you guys enjoyed this video, I look