Range of Motion (ROM)

Range of Motion (ROM) is the amount a bone can move around a joint. ROM can be measured in degrees with goniometry . ROM is also used to refer to the total range of motion during a movement pattern. Examples may include the depth of a squat , dumbbell press , or how far someone can reach during serratus anterior activation.

• Note: There is an "optimal" range of motion for each joint. These ranges have been established via peer-reviewed and published original research studies (and are thoroughly reviewed in the courses linked below). Further, research has demonstrated that both a lack of optimal ROM and too much ROM are correlated with pain and dysfunction.

For additional information:

• Article: Squat Depth Recommendations: Based on All Available Research
• Course: Lower Body Goniometric Assessment: Technique and Potential Restricting Structures
• Course: Upper Body Goniometric Assessment: Technique and Potential Restricting Structures

Brookbush Institute’s Position Statement on ROM: Exercise (including squats) should be performed through the largest range of motion (ROM) that can be attained with good form and without pain.

• Optimal Posture (a.k.a. good form) : A mean range of segment alignment that is absent of signs correlated with dysfunction, pain, or an increased risk injury. Additionally, "good form" may include alignment recommendations influenced by optimal length-tension relationships, biomechanical advantage, or force generation capacity.

Example of Goniometric Assessment of Shoulder Flexion ROM from the course: Upper Body Goniometric Assessment: Technique and Potential Restricting Structures