Condyloid Joint

Condyloid Joint: A condyloid joint (also called condylar, bicondylar, ellipsoid, or ellipsoidal) is an ovoid articular surface, or condyle, that is received into an elliptical cavity. These joints permit movement in two planes. Examples include the knee, metacarpophalangeal joints, and metatarsophalangeal joints.

• Note: These joints primarily allow movement in two planes of motion , usually the sagittal plane and the frontal plane . These motions include flexion/extension and abduction/adduction .

For more information on synovial joint types (including a video lecture), check out:

• Lesson 4: Synovial Joints
  

Examples of Condyloid Joints of the Human Body:

Condyloid joints, also known as ellipsoidal joints, allow movement in two planes: flexion/extension and abduction/adduction. Here are the main condyloid joints in the human body:

1. Wrist Joint (Radiocarpal Joint): The articulation between the distal end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones. This joint allows for flexion, extension, radial deviation (abduction), and ulnar deviation (adduction).
2. Metacarpophalangeal Joints (MCP Joints): The articulation between the metacarpal bones (long bones of the palm) and the proximal phalanges of the fingers. These joints allow for flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction of the fingers.
3. Metatarsophalangeal Joints (MTP Joints): The articulation between the metatarsal bones (long bones of the foot) and the proximal phalanges of the toes. These joints allow for mostly flexion and extension but also permit some abduction and adduction.

Other joints that may be considered condyloid joints in some texts include the atlanto-occipital Joint (C1, C2), temporomandibular joint, and the tibiofemoral joint (knee).

All Synovial Joint Types:

• Ball-and-socket Joint
• Hinge Joint
• Gliding Joint
• Condyloid Joint
• Pivot Joint
• Saddle Joint