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Pectoralis minor muscle on the torso

Pectoralis Minor

Integrated functional anatomy of the pectoralis minor. Attachments, nerves, palpation, joint actions, arthrokinematics, fascia, triggerpoints, and behavior in postural dysfunction. Common exercises, foam rolling, release techniques, and stretches for the pectoralis minor.

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Course Description: Pectoralis Minor

This course describes the anatomy and integrated function of the pectoralis minor (a.k.a. the pec minor, and is included in the term pecs, chest muscles, and pectoral muscles). This muscle originates on ribs 3-5 and inserts into the coracoid process of the scapula (shoulder blade), lies deep to the pectoralis major; and unfortunately, research is not available on fiber type composition. The pectoralis minor muscle crosses the scapulothoracic joint (scapula), influencing motion of the sternoclavicular joint and acromioclavicular joint, and contributes to protraction, depression, and anterior tipping of the scapula. This course also describes the role of the pectoralis minor muscles in scapulothoracic arthrokinematics, fascial integration, postural dysfunction, and subsystem integration. Sports medicine professionals (personal trainers, fitness instructors, physical therapists, massage therapists, chiropractors, occupational therapists, athletic trainers, etc.) must be aware of the integrated function of the pectoralis minor for the detailed analysis of human movement, and the development of sophisticated exercise programs and therapeutic (rehabilitation) interventions. Further, this course is essential knowledge for future courses discussing injury prevention and physical rehabilitation (e.g. “tight pec minor”, pectoralis minor syndrome and the resulting weakness and pain during arm elevation, shoulder joint pain, shoulder impingement syndrome, thoracic outlet syndrome, scapular winging), the effect the pectoralis minor has on scapular kinematics (e.g. anterior tipping in synergy with the levator scapulae and upper trapezius muscles), and pectoralis minor exercises and techniques for enhancing sports performance (e.g. ensuring ideal pectoralis minor length for optimal shoulder stability, strength, power, hypertrophy, etc.).

Pre-approved credits for:

Pre-approved for Continuing Education Credits for:

This Course Includes:

  • AI Tutor
  • Text and Illustrations
  • Audio Voice-over
  • Research Review
  • Technique Videos
  • Practice Exam
  • Pre-approved Final Exam

Brookbush Institute’s most recommended techniques for the Pectoralis Minor (see videos below):

Pectoralis minor muscle on the torso
Caption: Pectoralis minor muscle on the torso

Introduction to the Pectoralis Minor
3 Sub Sections

Pectoralis Minor Action
1 Sub Section

Fascial Integration

Postural Dysfunction and the Pectoralis Minor

Exercises and Techniques for Pectoralis Minor
7 Sub Sections

Bibliography

  1. Phillip Page, Clare Frank, Robert Lardner, Assessment and Treatment of Muscle Imbalance: The Janda Approach © 2010 Benchmark Physical Therapy, Inc., Clare C. Frank, and Robert Lardner
  2. Dr. Mike Clark & Scott Lucette, “NASM Essentials of Corrective Exercise Training” © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
  3. Donald A. Neumann, “Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System: Foundations of Rehabilitation – 2nd Edition” © 2012 Mosby, Inc.
  4. Michael A. Clark, Scott C. Lucett, NASM Essentials of Personal Training: 4th Edition, © 2011 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
  5. Leon Chaitow, Muscle Energy Techniques: Third Edition, © Elsevier 2007
  6. Tom Myers, Anatomy Trains: Second Edition. © Elsevier Limited 2009
  7. Shirley A Sahrmann, Diagnoses and Treatment of Movement Impairment Syndromes, © 2002 Mosby Inc.
  8. David G. Simons, Janet Travell, Lois S. Simons, Travell & Simmons’ Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction, The Trigger Point Manual, Volume 1. Upper Half of Body: Second Edition,© 1999 Williams and Wilkens
  9. Cynthia C. Norkin, D. Joyce White, Measurement of Joint Motion: A Guide to Goniometry – Third Edition. © 2003 by F.A. Davis Company
  10. Cynthia C. Norkin, Pamela K. Levangie, Joint Structure and Function: A Comprehensive Analysis: Fifth Edition © 2011 F.A. Davis Company
  11. Florence Peterson Kendall, Elizabeth Kendall McCreary, Patricia Geise Provance, Mary McIntyre Rodgers, William Anthony Romani, Muscles: Testing and Function with Posture and Pain: Fifth Edition © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
  12. Karel Lewit. Manipulative Therapy: Musuloskeletal Medicine © 2007 Elsevier
  13. Carolyn Richardson, Paul Hodges, Julie Hides. Therapeutic Exercise for Lumbo Pelvic Stabilization – A Motor Control Approach for the Treatment and Prevention of Low Back Pain: 2nd Edition (c) Elsevier Limited, 2004
  14. Andrew Biel, Trail Guide to the Human Body: 4th Edition, © 2010
  15. David B. Jenkins, Hollinshead's Functional Anatomy of the Limbs and Back: Eighth Edition © 2002 Saunders
  16. Lawrence, R. L., Braman, J. P., Laprade, R. F., & Ludewig, P. M. (2014). Comparison of 3-dimensional shoulder complex kinematics in individuals with and without shoulder pain, part 1: sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, and scapulothoracic joints. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy, 44(9), 636-A8.
  17. Lee, J, Cynn H, Yoon T, Ko C, Choi W, et al. (2015). The effect of scapular posterior tilt exercise, pectoralis minor stretching, and shoulder brace on scapular alignment and muscles activity in subjects with round-shoulder posture. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 25:107-114.
  18. Seitz AL, McClure PW, Finucane S, Boardman III ND, Michener LA. (2011). Mechanisms of rotator cuff tendinopathy: intrinsic, extrinsic, or both?. Clinical Biomechanics. 1-12
  19. Sanders RJ, Annest SJ. (2014). Thoracic outlet and pectoralis minor syndromes. Seminars in Vascular Surgery. 27: 86-117.
  20. Wong CK, Coleman D, diPersia V, Song J, Wright D. (2010). The effects of manual treatment on rounded-shoulder posture, and associated muscle strength. Journal of Bodywork & Movement Therapies. 14: 326-333.
  21. Weber C, Enzler M, Wieser K, Swanenburg J. (2015). Validation of the pectoralis minor length test: a novel approach. Manual Therapy. 1-6.

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