For an introduction to goniometric assessment including definitions of specific terminology, defining a "good assessment," discussion on what goniometry measures and best use, check out: Introduction to Goniometry
A list of potential restricting structures and links to articles on techniques specific to those structures is included below. The lists were compiled using various texts (1 - 8), clinical outcomes, and predictive models of postural dysfunction in an attempt to consider all of the muscular, articular, fascial and neural structures that may restrict each motion.
Printable PDF - Assessment Template
Shoulder External Rotation (1-2, 9-16, 20-21)
Shoulder External Rotation |
Firm End Feel |
90 - 95° PROM |
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Fulcrum: Olecranon Process | Movement Arm: Olecranon process to styloid process of ulna | Stability Arm: Vertical or horizontal | |
Restrictions |
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Muscle |
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