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Functional anatomy of the arm muscles. Joint actions, location, pictures, and exercises for the biceps brachialis (biceps), brachialis, and triceps brachialis (triceps). 

Lesson 11: Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Triceps Brachii, Brachioradialis and Coracobrachialis

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I have almost completed my CPT certification and am half-way through the Human Movement certification to inform my massage practice. The different modalities of reading, watching audiovisual materials, and attending live or recorded webinars have been important to my learning style and for review.

Brookbush Institute has the most detailed, specific and effective tools for online learning for movement and/or bodywork professionals. I love the combination of the videos as well as the text available online.

I recently completed the CPT course. It was demanding yet practical. I would highly recommend it for anyone wanting an education about human movement.

I have my personal trainer certificate through here and am almost finished my human movement specialist certification. Overall, the education that Brookbush has packaged together for clinicians and trainers is invaluable. I am a physio assistant so coming from more of a rehab background I appreciate that this education has been beneficial both as a trainer and in a rehab setting. I love that I have been able to do all learning at my own pace and able to work around my schedule. Thank you for setting up this platform! Highly recommend :)

I have been a massage therapist for 10 yrs and I feel like all the “pieces” I’ve learned throughout the yrs have been put into place and can see the full picture. I am also a member to tons of great content since I love to learn! I plan to get my CPT through them as well.

I have been following Brent Brookbush for nearly a decade- back when I was a personal Trainer and now as a Physical Therapist. BBI is an incredible resource for any movement nerds and corrective exercise specialists! The information is thorough with multiple real world applications. I am looking forward to an in-person Manual Therapist course the second they do one a little bit closer to Virginia ;)

I have taken both the Human Movement Specialist and Certified Personal Trainer certificate programs and have found the value in understanding the how and ways the body moves and functions and from evidence, non-biased, outcome, conceptual, theoretical, and practical approach to helping my clients/patients look better, feel better, and move better.

Over the last years I've returned time and again to Brookbush Institute for stellar coursework as I've worked toward a Human Movement Specialist certification. (I'm currently ACE CPT, and in training with Anatomy Trains for Structural Integration Manual Therapy.) Every Brookbush Institute module is fantastic and each one includes detailed informational videos, written descriptions of how to-do, and, more importantly, why to-do!

I am a 70 yr old chiropractor and no other healthcare provider was able to come up with an exercise protocol particular to my structural and balances and muscle deficits and keep me in the game. And as for continuing education on human skeletal movement, the website is phenomenal full of great exercises for particular mechanical dysfunction.

The H.M.S. is the most valuable certificate I have earned and was a fraction of the the cost of my others. Define the best bang for your buck!

Brookbush is the most efficient Personal Training Certification I have ever come across. All the lessons are well thought out and very straight to the point.

I am getting my Master's degree in Kinesiology, and I would like to say that I have benefited greatly from the rich, comprehensive, well-documented scientific content of Brookbush Institute that links theory to practical applications. Proudly I've got my CPT certificate, and I am on my way to get my HMS certificate.

Having courses count towards different certifications makes it so users can transition seamlessly from one certification to another. In my case, going from earning the BI CPT to earning the BI HMS was an easy decision and I am proud to have earned both certifications. I have also had the pleasure of going to a Live HMS workshop that was well taught by Instructor Boettcher and that was excellent to see how the methods and techniques are implemented.



I have been a member of BBI for years and every course I have taken has been incredibly informative. I learn more from these courses than I do at local CEU courses for my PTA license. I also earned my CPT and HMS certifications through the platform. It was so convenient and the content was top notch! Forever member.

We learn principles in academia, we learn cool new modalities via whatever specialty certification, but BBI really concentrates on the nuances of passive treatment and they do a fantastic job. The format in which BBI instructs soft tissue specialists (DPTs, Chiros, ATs) like myself feels like almost like an apprenticeship. You get a thoroughly detailed explanation of the “why’s”, and a visual comprehension of how to apply. Personally, I believe application is where the good and the great are distinguished.

Brookbush has been incredibly helpful since I was in massage school and now as I’m in my career! I run my own practice and it gives me the resources I need to not only improve what I already know, but also help me navigate better, more efficient ways of treatment.

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This course describes the location, actions, and functions of the arm muscles, including the biceps brachii, brachialis, triceps brachii, brachioradialis, and coracobrachialis. These muscles contribute to motion of the shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint), elbow joint (humeroulnar joint), and the radioulnar joint.

Muscles in the anterior compartment of the upper arm with attachment to the scapula (shoulder blade) may contribute to shoulder flexion (coracobrachialis and biceps brachii), and anterior compartment muscles attaching to the radius and ulna contribute to elbow flexion (biceps brachii, brachialis and brachioradialis).

The posterior compartment muscles of the upper arm with attachment to the scapula (shoulder blade) contribute to shoulder extension (long head of the triceps), and posterior compartment muscles with attachment to the olecranon process contribute to elbow extension (triceps brachii).

Interestingly, two anterior compartment muscles of the upper limb contribute to radioulnar supination (biceps brachii and brachioradialis); however, the posterior compartment muscles of the upper limb (triceps brachii) cannot contribute to supination or pronation. Note, none of these muscles have an influence on the wrist.

Knowing these facts may help build strong arms by avoiding wasted time performing less effective arm exercises. For example, changing hand position does not affect which head of the triceps brachii is emphasized because the triceps brachii cannot contribute to supination or pronation and does not cross the wrist.

Sports medicine professionals (personal trainers, fitness instructors, physical therapists, massage therapists, chiropractors, occupational therapists, athletic trainers, etc.) must be aware of these muscles for detailed analysis of human movement, and the development of sophisticated exercise programs and therapeutic (rehabilitation) interventions. Further, this course is essential knowledge for future courses discussing detailed anatomy like neural innervations (e.g. the musculocutaneous nerve, radial nerve, etc.), synergistic function with other muscles of the shoulder, elbow, and scapula (e.g. long head of the triceps as a shoulder extensor), role in injury (e.g. elbow ligament injuries, elbow ligament pain, hypertonic muscle fibers, shoulder impingement syndrome, biceps tendon tear or rupture – you don’t always need surgery), and sports performance (e.g. best arm exercises for bodybuilders and strength athletes with the goal of increasing muscle strength or muscle growth).

For more advanced anatomy check out our integrated functional anatomy courses:

The long and short head of the biceps brachii muscle running down the arm

Course Description: Arm Muscles

Arm Muscles Study Guide

Study Guide: Arm Muscles

In this video, we describe the arm muscles which include the biceps brachii, brachialis, triceps brachii, brachioradialis, and coracobrachialis. We identify the relative location of these muscles, as well as describe the joint actions associated with each. This course explains how these muscles contribute to shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint) flexion, elbow joint (humeroulnar joint) flexion and extension, and the proximal radioulnar joint supination, with many examples of daily activities, sports motions, and movement analysis of several exercises. This is foundational knowledge for all movement professionals, including personal trainers, physical therapists, athletic trainers, massage therapists, chiropractors, occupational therapists, etc.

Video Lesson: Arm Muscles

In this lecture we will be discussing the 

muscles of the arm: Biceps brachii, brachialis, triceps, brachioradialis, and coracobrachialis

 the 1630s (adj.), from Latin biceps "having two parts," literally "two-headed," from bis "double" (see 

) + -ceps comb. form of caput "head" (see 

). As a noun meaning "biceps muscle," from the 1640s, so-called for its structure. Despite the -s, it is singular, and classicists insist there is no such word as bicep. (

 before a vowel, brachi-, word-forming element meaning "arm," from Greek brakhion "arm," perhaps originally "upper arm," literally "shorter," and from brakhys "short" (see 

 (adj.)), in contrast to the longer forearm. (

 the great extensor muscle, 1704, from Latin triceps "three-headed," from tri- "three" (see 

). So-called because the muscle has three origins. (

 c.1400, "of or like a ray or radius," from Medieval Latin radialis, from Latin radius "shaft, rod; spoke of a wheel; beam of light" (see 

). As a noun, a type of tire, attested from 1965, short for radial-ply (tire). Related: Radially.

relating to the shape of the coracoid process of the scapula - like a raven's beak

These muscles all have attachments on the humerus, or upper arm (hence the Latin root "brachio"), but course over several joints including the shoulder, elbow (humeroulnar), and proximal radioulnar joint. Before we start analyzing the function of each muscle, make a word bank for yourself for each joint.

The location of the brachialis muscle running from the humerus to the radius

The long head, lateral head, and medial head of the triceps brachii muscle running down the arm

Study Guide

Introduction

Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

The location of the biceps brachii on the anterior side of the arm

Biceps Brachii - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Biceps_brachii_muscle06.png/1024px-Biceps_brachii_muscle06.png

Biceps Brachii Activity

Biceps Brachii Answer Key

Biceps Brachii

The location of the brachialis muscle on the humerus

Brachialis muscle -http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Brachialis_muscle01.png/1024px-Brachialis_muscle01.png

Brachialis Activity

Brachialis Answer Key

Brachialis

The location of the triceps brachii on the humerus

Triceps Brachii

Triceps Brachii Activity

Triceps Brachii Activity Answer Key

Triceps

Look at the exercise depicted in the illustration above and determine the plane of motion.

List the moving joints in the far left column (there may be more rows than moving joints)?

List the joint action occurring at each joint.

List the muscles that contribute to those joint actions.

A shoulder press exercise with shoulder abduction and elbow extension

Overhead Head Press - http://badunkafit.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/seated-shoulder-press-barbell.jpg

Overhead Press: Answer Key

Exercise Graph (Overhead Press)

The cable row exercise with shoulder extension and elbow flexion

Close Grip Row – http://www.womenshealthmag.com/online-courses/online-courses/files/images/0609_clgrip_cable_row.jpg

Close Grip Row: Answer Key

Exercise Graph (Close Grip Row)

What joints do these muscles cross and what joint actions do they perform.

Hopefully, the muscles below are two muscles you are unfamiliar with (for the sake of this activity). Follow the same methodology we have used to analyze all of the muscles taught previously. You should be able to determine what joint these muscles cross, and what joint actions they are capable of - without even knowing the name of the muscles.

For professors, teachers, instructors, and educators:

This is a great activity you can place anywhere within your functional anatomy course. You can break-up the class into groups and have each group analyze a different picture of a muscle and teach it back to the class, you can just choose random muscles to break-up the monotony of a functional anatomy lecture and challenge the classes critical evaluation skills, or you can print out pictures of muscles to take home and assign this activity as homework.

The location of the coracobrachialis running from the scapula to the humerus

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13

What joint actions will this muscle perform?

The location of the brachioradialis on the humerus

http://anatomy.askthetrainer.com/online-courses/online-courses/muscle-images/

The location of the coracobrachialis muscle

The location of the brachioradialis

Determine the Function Answer Key

Activity: Determine the Function of the Muscle

Carolyn Richardson, Paul Hodges, Julie Hides. Therapeutic Exercise for Lumbo Pelvic Stabilization – A Motor Control Approach for the Treatment and Prevention of Low Back Pain: 2nd Edition (c) Elsevier Limited, 2004

John V. Basmajian, Carlo J. De Luca. Muscles Alive: Their Function Revealed by ElectroMyography. 1985

Lesson 11: Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Triceps Brachii, Brachioradialis and Coracobrachialis

Related Courses:

Course Description: Arm Muscles

Study Guide: Arm Muscles

Video Lesson: Arm Muscles

Introduction
1 Sub Section

Biceps Brachii
2 Sub Sections

Brachialis
2 Sub Sections

Triceps
3 Sub Sections

Exercise Graph (Overhead Press)
1 Sub Section

Exercise Graph (Close Grip Row)
1 Sub Section

Activity: Determine the Function of the Muscle
1 Sub Section

Bibliography

Related Courses:

Comments

Guest

Lesson 11: Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Triceps Brachii, Brachioradialis and Coracobrachialis

Related Courses:

Course Description: Arm Muscles

Study Guide: Arm Muscles

Video Lesson: Arm Muscles

Introduction1 Sub Section

Biceps Brachii2 Sub Sections

Brachialis2 Sub Sections

Triceps3 Sub Sections

Exercise Graph (Overhead Press)1 Sub Section

Exercise Graph (Close Grip Row)1 Sub Section

Activity: Determine the Function of the Muscle1 Sub Section

Bibliography

Related Courses:

Comments

Guest

Introduction
1 Sub Section

Biceps Brachii
2 Sub Sections

Brachialis
2 Sub Sections

Triceps
3 Sub Sections

Exercise Graph (Overhead Press)
1 Sub Section

Exercise Graph (Close Grip Row)
1 Sub Section

Activity: Determine the Function of the Muscle
1 Sub Section