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Functional anatomy of the posterior hip muscles. Joint actions, location, pictures, and exercises for the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus (glutes), and stretches for the piriformis.

Lesson 14: The Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Piriformis

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I have almost completed my CPT certification and am half-way through the Human Movement certification to inform my massage practice. The different modalities of reading, watching audiovisual materials, and attending live or recorded webinars have been important to my learning style and for review.

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I have my personal trainer certificate through here and am almost finished my human movement specialist certification. Overall, the education that Brookbush has packaged together for clinicians and trainers is invaluable. I am a physio assistant so coming from more of a rehab background I appreciate that this education has been beneficial both as a trainer and in a rehab setting. I love that I have been able to do all learning at my own pace and able to work around my schedule. Thank you for setting up this platform! Highly recommend :)

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I have taken both the Human Movement Specialist and Certified Personal Trainer certificate programs and have found the value in understanding the how and ways the body moves and functions and from evidence, non-biased, outcome, conceptual, theoretical, and practical approach to helping my clients/patients look better, feel better, and move better.

Over the last years I've returned time and again to Brookbush Institute for stellar coursework as I've worked toward a Human Movement Specialist certification. (I'm currently ACE CPT, and in training with Anatomy Trains for Structural Integration Manual Therapy.) Every Brookbush Institute module is fantastic and each one includes detailed informational videos, written descriptions of how to-do, and, more importantly, why to-do!

I am a 70 yr old chiropractor and no other healthcare provider was able to come up with an exercise protocol particular to my structural and balances and muscle deficits and keep me in the game. And as for continuing education on human skeletal movement, the website is phenomenal full of great exercises for particular mechanical dysfunction.

The H.M.S. is the most valuable certificate I have earned and was a fraction of the the cost of my others. Define the best bang for your buck!

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Having courses count towards different certifications makes it so users can transition seamlessly from one certification to another. In my case, going from earning the BI CPT to earning the BI HMS was an easy decision and I am proud to have earned both certifications. I have also had the pleasure of going to a Live HMS workshop that was well taught by Instructor Boettcher and that was excellent to see how the methods and techniques are implemented.



I have been a member of BBI for years and every course I have taken has been incredibly informative. I learn more from these courses than I do at local CEU courses for my PTA license. I also earned my CPT and HMS certifications through the platform. It was so convenient and the content was top notch! Forever member.

We learn principles in academia, we learn cool new modalities via whatever specialty certification, but BBI really concentrates on the nuances of passive treatment and they do a fantastic job. The format in which BBI instructs soft tissue specialists (DPTs, Chiros, ATs) like myself feels like almost like an apprenticeship. You get a thoroughly detailed explanation of the “why’s”, and a visual comprehension of how to apply. Personally, I believe application is where the good and the great are distinguished.

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This course describes the gluteal muscles, including the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. This course also describes the piriformis muscle. These muscles contribute to motion of the femur at the hip joint (acetabulofemoral joint) and cross the sacroiliac joint (SIJ). Examples include the gluteus maximus contributing to hip extension, the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus contributing to hip abduction, and the piriformis contributing to hip external rotation. Note, these muscles also play a role in maintaining optimal posture and optimal arthrokinematics of the hip joint and sacroiliac joint. Sports medicine professionals (personal trainers, fitness instructors, physical therapists, massage therapists, chiropractors, occupational therapists, athletic trainers, etc.) must be aware of the muscles of the gluteal region for the analysis of human movement, and the development of sophisticated exercise programs and therapeutic (rehabilitation) interventions. Further, this course is essential knowledge for future courses discussing detailed anatomy like neural innervations (e.g. gluteal nerve, sciatic nerve, etc.), the synergistic function of these muscles with other hip muscles (e.g. gluteus medius muscle and tensor fascia latae contributing to hip abduction), injury (e.g. myofascial pain, hip pain, lower back pain, piriformis syndrome, sciatic nerve pain/sciatica, etc.), and sports performance (e.g. muscle strength of the lower extremity/lower limb).

The gluteus maximus and gluteus medius muscles of the posterior hip

Course Description: Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Piriformis

The Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Piriformis

The Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Piriformis Course Study Guide

Study Guide: The Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Piriformis

In this video, we describe the posterior hip muscles which include gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and piriformis. We identify the relative location of these muscles, as well as describe the joint actions associated with each. This course explains how these muscles contribute to hip joint (acetabulofemoral joint) extension, abduction, and external rotation, with many examples of daily activities, sports motions, and movement analysis of several exercises. This is foundational knowledge for all movement professionals, including personal trainers, physical therapists, athletic trainers, massage therapists, chiropractors, occupational therapists, etc.

Video Lesson: Got Glutes? The Gluteus Maximus, Medius, and Minimus

In this lecture, we will be discussing the 

 Gluteus maximus, medius, minimus, and piriformis.

 “buttocks muscle,” 1680s, from Modern Latin glutaeus, from Greek gloutos“the rump,” in plural, “the buttocks.” (

 1740, from French maximum and directly from Latin maximum (pluralmaxima), neuter of maximus “greatest,” which is superlative of magnus “great, large” (see 

 (n.). The Latin adjective was medius. Meaning "intermediate" is from 1796. As a size designation from 1711. (

 1660s, "smallest portion into which matter is divisible," from Latin minimum "smallest" (thing), neuter of minimus "smallest, least," superlative of minor "smaller" (see 

). Meaning "least amount attainable" is from 1670s. (

 Old English pere, peru "pear," common West Germanic (Middle Dutch, Middle Low German pere, Old High German pira, bira, Dutch peer), from Vulgar Latin *pera, variant of Latin pira, plural (taken for fem. singular) 

 a loan word from an unknown source. It likely shares an origin with Greek apion "pear," apios "pear tree." (

 word-forming element meaning "-like, -shaped, in the form of," from French -forme and directly from Latin -formis "-like, shaped," from forma "form" (see 

These muscles have origins on the pelvis (ilium and ischium) and sacrum and insert into, or close to the greater trochanter of the femur. All of these muscles course over the hip. (Note: The gluteus maximus and piriformis course over sacroiliac joint - a complex joint that is not addressed in this lesson). Before we analyze each muscle, take a moment to create a "Joint Action Word Bank" by listing all of the joint actions possible at the hip.

The gluteus maximus muscles on the posterior side of the hip

The gluteus medius muscle on the posterior and lateral side of the pelvis

The gluteus minimus muscle on the lateral side of the pelvis

The piriformis muscle sitting underneath the gluteus maximus attaching on the sacrum

Study Guide

Introduction

The gluteus maximus muscle with attachments on the pelvis, femur, and IT band

Gluteus Maximus - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Gluteus_maximus_3D.gif

 Posterior gluteal line of ilium, sacrum, coccyx

 Iliotibial band and gluteal tuberosity of the femur

An additional snippet of Dr. Brookbush teaching the Gluteus Maximus:

The gluteus maximus muscle attaching into the lateral fascia (IT band)

Activity: Gluteus Maximus

Gluteus Maximus Answer Key

Gluteus Maximus

: Between anterior and posterior gluteal lines of the ilium

Activity: Gluteus Medius

Gluteus Medius Answer Key

Gluteus Medius

The attachment of the gluteus minimus on the ilium and greater trochanter of the femur

 Between anterior and inferior gluteal lines of the ilium

Activity: Gluteus Minimus

Gluteus Minimus Answer Key

Gluteus Minimus

The attachment of the piriformis on the sacrum and greater trochanter of the femur

Piriformis (In Red) - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Piriformis_muscle.PNG

 Superior border of the greater trochanter of the femur

Activity: Piriformis

Piriformis Answer Key

Piriformis

An image of the layers of the posterior hip muscles

Gluteus Maximus (Yellow) Gluteus Medius (Blue) Gluteus Minimus (Red/Purple) http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Gluteus_all.gif

Image of the Layers of Posterior Hip Muscles

Carolyn Richardson, Paul Hodges, Julie Hides. Therapeutic Exercise for Lumbo Pelvic Stabilization – A Motor Control Approach for the Treatment and Prevention of Low Back Pain: 2nd Edition (c) Elsevier Limited, 2004

John V. Basmajian, Carlo J. De Luca. Muscles Alive: Their Function Revealed by ElectroMyography. 1985

Bibliography

Questions, comments, and criticisms are welcomed and encouraged

Lesson 14: The Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Piriformis

Related Courses:

Course Description: Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Piriformis

Study Guide: The Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Piriformis

Video Lesson: Got Glutes? The Gluteus Maximus, Medius, and Minimus

Introduction
1 Sub Section

Gluteus Maximus
2 Sub Sections

Gluteus Medius
2 Sub Sections

Gluteus Minimus
2 Sub Sections

Piriformis
2 Sub Sections

Image of the Layers of Posterior Hip Muscles

Bibliography

Related Courses:

Comments

Guest

Lesson 14: The Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Piriformis

Related Courses:

Course Description: Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Piriformis

Study Guide: The Gluteus Maximus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus and Piriformis

Video Lesson: Got Glutes? The Gluteus Maximus, Medius, and Minimus

Introduction1 Sub Section

Gluteus Maximus2 Sub Sections

Gluteus Medius2 Sub Sections

Gluteus Minimus2 Sub Sections

Piriformis2 Sub Sections

Image of the Layers of Posterior Hip Muscles

Bibliography

Related Courses:

Comments

Guest

Introduction
1 Sub Section

Gluteus Maximus
2 Sub Sections

Gluteus Medius
2 Sub Sections

Gluteus Minimus
2 Sub Sections

Piriformis
2 Sub Sections